Cold Forming Principles

What is Cold Forming?

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Cold forming is a high speed forging process where coiled wire at room temperature is precisely sheared to length, and then moved through a succession of tool and die cavities to displace the working metal, either larger/smaller in diameter, longer/shorter in length, or to remove small amounts of material by trimming or piercing.

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Metal is forced beyond its yield (elastic) limit and retains its altered shape upon removal from the die. The metal is not forced beyond its tensile strength, otherwise fracturing would occur (the exception is when trimming or piercing). Historically cold forming has been an experienced based technology, but this is changing as new computer based analytical tools are constantly being developed.

Cold-Forming Overview

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Cold-forming or cold-heading is the application of force with a punch to a metal blank staged in a die.

The force exceeds the alloy’s elastic limit, causing plastic flow until the metal blank assumes the shape bound by the punch and the die. As the name implies, this method of metal part forming is achieved by force alone, forgoing the application of additional heat or cutting and shearing.

When machining a part, the grain flow of the material is interrupted as the original material is removed to form the part. Through the cold heading process, all original material is used causing a restructuring of the material grain as the part is formed. This results in improved tensile strength as compared to manufacturing techniques.

Check Out This Video on the Heading Process

Open Die Cold Forming

Cold forming creates favorable strain (work) hardening. With open die cold forming, the metal is placed between two flat dies and compressed until the shape is revealed. MW produces cold formed bolts and cold formed nuts as well as other products using this technology. Our proficiency in open die cold formed fasteners allows us to provide answers to complex needs, including solutions for difficult spaces and innovative applications.

Open Die Cold Forming Capabilities

Are you interested in learning more about Cold Heading Process? Contact us today to secure an expert consultation!

• Long length, small diameter fasteners
• Exceptional straightness in long parts
• Straight, long parts in high volumes
• Complete automation for accuracy and repeatability at lower costs
• Cost reduction by replacing high-cost machining and multiple parts