Design and Structural Calculation of Liquid Argon Storage Tanks
The architecture of liquid argon storage tanks employs a double-walled jacket structure. The inner tank is specifically designed to hold cryogenic liquids and is made from austenitic stainless steel, which is resistant to low temperatures. The space between the inner tank and the outer jacket is vacuum-insulated to improve thermal efficiency. When designing according to GB150 standards, it’s essential to consider not only the internal pressure but also the effects of external vacuum pressure on both the inner tank and the jacket shell. Using the GB150.2-2011 design principles, one can optimize material usage and reduce the overall weight of the tank while maintaining structural integrity. To further enhance thermal insulation, inner reinforcing rings are often incorporated during production.
Piping Design for Liquid Argon Storage Tanks
Piping systems for a 15m3 liquid argon storage tank must account for the thermal expansion and contraction caused by the cryogenic temperatures. Typically, the appropriate valves are placed at the lower part of the tank's outer base. The pipeline is then extracted through a vacuum-insulated layer. When cryogenic liquids are discharged from the tank, the gas phase inside increases, leading to a pressure drop. To counteract this, a cryopump or a self-pressurizing carburetor, often structured with finned tubes, can be used to maintain pressure. The design and material compatibility for such systems should comply with the CB18442.3-2011 standards.
Heat Leakage Calculations for Cryogenic Argon Tanks
The temperature gradient between the cryogenic medium and the ambient environment will inherently lead to heat leakage. Proper thermal calculations are crucial to ensure the tank operates safely and efficiently. For a 15m3 liquid argon storage tank, these calculations should cover the insulation layer, support liner, and circumferential support, as well as the pipeline segments. From these calculations, one can determine the static evaporation rate, which, according to GB184423-2011 requirements, should be ≤ 0.37% kg/d.
The rapid advancements in cryogenic technology have led to an increased use of liquid argon storage tanks in diverse sectors such as medicine and energy. This necessitates higher design standards for tanks storing cryogenic liquids. The subsequent sections will delve into the design considerations for the basic structure, pipeline, and heat leakage calculations, specifically addressing a 15m3 cryogenic liquid argon storage tank.
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Advanced Protective Low-Temperature Liquid Pressure Vessels
This invention pertains to the field of storage and transportation technologies, particularly for the cryogenic storage and transport of media such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, LNG, and liquid carbon dioxide.
Background
Currently, cryogenic pressure vessels serve various purposes including fixed storage for accumulating cryogenic liquids and as portable tanks on carriers like tankers and ships. Traditional vessels either use single tanks with external insulation or double-walled tanks with an inner stainless steel canister and an outer iron tank, providing vacuum-insulated cold storage.
Taking LNG storage tanks as an example, these tanks primarily operate in fueling stations, stations for LNG vaporization, and on vehicles. Typically, horizontal or vertical LNG storage tanks feature double-walled designs filled with vacuum-insulated cold material such as perlite.
However, existing designs have drawbacks. Should the inner canister crack, the outer tank, generally made of low-pressure ordinary steel, may also fail. This can result in massive fluid leaks causing severe safety hazards like suffocation, frostbite, and fire.
To mitigate such risks, safety features like embankments around fixed storage tanks have been adopted. For instance, Beijing area standards (GB50156-2012) mandate embankments capable of retaining the volume of the largest storage tank plus safe distances and load-bearing capacities to manage fluid leaks.
Yet, these protective measures have their own limitations, especially if upper tank cracks occur. Embankment materials, including stainless steel and carbon steel, may still fail under rapid temperature changes.
In urban areas, portable storage tanks also present significant hazards as leaks may cause extensive damage. Current preventative measures include monitoring transport routes and times but don't fully address potential safety issues.
Given these challenges, there's a pressing need for cryogenic liquid pressure vessels that offer fundamental safety attributes. This invention aims to provide such vessels, addressing existing safety concerns comprehensively.
Contact us to discuss your requirements for a Cryogenic Storage Tank. Our experienced team is ready to help you select the best options that match your needs.
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