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Over the past four decades, the technology behind Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) or Variable Message Signs (VMS) has undergone remarkable advancement on U.S. highways. Initially, these signs used mechanically operated fluorescent dots to form letters, but now, they utilize vibrant color Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), enabling bold, high-definition images and text against static green backgrounds and much more. Throughout these developments, ITS engineers have skillfully navigated the selection process for sizing signs, ensuring compliance with MUTCD mandates.
Understanding the Size Dimension of Variable Message Signs
The initial process of determining the physical size of Variable Message Signs often leads to misunderstandings regarding their actual size. Engineers are typically guided by structural requirements and cost considerations, which may inadvertently result in the size influencing the content of the message displayed. Hence, it’s critical to recognize that the efficacy of the message is paramount and should dictate the sign's size rather than the other way around.
Prioritizing Message Clarity Over Physical Dimensions
Contemporary VMS signs typically use a full matrix design, measured in pixel size and pitch. Standard MUTCD character guidelines suggest a maximum of 20 characters, yet this alone should not dictate the overall physical dimensions. Ultimately, the clarity of messages and display should be definitive in the size determination of DMS.
Assess Value Per Square Foot Instead of Just Size
One should evaluate the aspect of a matrix design in terms of its value per square foot. Simpler line matrix designs are often inefficient regarding space usage, both in area and clarity. Full matrix designs allow for more effective display capabilities, but this is contingent on a thoughtful approach to messaging and imagery. With the growing significance of images and icons in various applications across America, the importance of understanding pixel pitch options cannot be overstated, particularly for color signs.
Evaluating Display Needs for Optimal Sign Size
With the above in mind, it's critical to evaluate the key messages and images necessary for user comprehension. Is it feasible for a message to be conveyed using 15 or 18-inch characters instead of the standard 20? What dimensions are needed for the primary images or icons presented? Major symbols such as interstate shields and directional graphics must be carefully considered alongside any text to ensure effective communication. If using multiple images, assess their relative size for clarity from the user's perspective. Sometimes, strategically eliminating a sign's content can yield greater value. Seeking assistance from a professional in variable message sign maintenance could help in making informed decisions.
Practical Example of Full Matrix Configuration
To present a clear example, a full matrix designed to display three lines of 15 characters, each 18 inches high, requires specific calculations:
- Height: 3 lines x 14 pixels + 2 inter-line pixels x 6 = 54 pixels x 33mm = 1,782 mm or 5.85 feet
- Width: 15 characters x 10 pixels + 14 inter-character x 2 pixels = 178 pixels. Most vendors propose 180 pixels. Therefore, Width = 180 x 33mm = 5,940 mm or 19.49 feet
- Your DMS matrix will be 54 pixels x 180 pixels or 5.85 feet x 19.49 feet.
It's necessary to consider contrast borders surrounding the display when determining the physical dimensions, which may vary according to vendor guidelines. Thus, the overall height of the sign may range from 7’10” to 8” and the width from 21’ to 21’6”.
Conclusion: Size Must Follow Message Intent
To summarize: the essential elements comprising the message content, images, character/icon definitions, and user identification at designated distances collectively shape the necessary physical size of the sign. Additional factors, such as weight and preferred access to the sign interior, are important to evaluate as well. Ultimately, defining the specifications should be centered on the intent of use, allowing the physical dimensions to naturally adjust. Interestingly, one might find that the dynamic messaging value could increase even when the physical size falls below initial expectations.
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