Roots Blower vs Ring Blower: The Difference - Goorui

Roots Blower vs Ring Blower: The Difference

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Ring and roots blowers are two types of positive displacement blowers used for industrial and commercial applications. Both are similar in design and function but differ in efficiency, pressure capacity, and noise levels. Root blowers are larger and more powerful than ring blowers.

Roots Blower vs Ring Blower: Understanding the Differences

Roots blowers and ring blowers are designed differently. Roots blowers trap air or gas between two rotors that rotate in opposition to one another, producing a non-contact pumping mechanism. Air or gas is drawn into the blower, compressed, and then forced out the discharge port as the rotors revolve.

Ring blowers use a single impeller with numerous blades to compress air or gas, producing centrifugal force and forcing it out via the discharge port. High-speed rotation of the impeller in a spherical chamber is necessary for this.

Performance
Roots blowers have high volumetric efficiency and low-pressure functioning, making them ideal for applications requiring a high flow rate, such as wastewater treatment, pneumatic conveying, and ventilation.

Ring blowers provide a high-pressure output at a low flow rate and are suited for activities requiring greater pressure than roots blowers, such as Hoover cleaning, drying, and packing.

Advantages and Disadvantages:
Roots blowers provide a non-contact pumping mechanism, minimal maintenance requirements, and great volumetric efficiency. They are easy to install in confined locations due to their small form and quiet operation.

However, they lose efficiency at higher speeds and are not recommended for high-pressure applications.

Ring blowers provide a high-pressure output, low noise level, and a variety of working speeds. They are ideal for continuous operation but are less effective than roots blowers at low speeds and are susceptible to wear and tear due to their high impeller rotational speed.

Conclusion
Positive displacement blowers are used in industrial and commercial applications, such as ring and roots blowers.

Both types of blowers move air or gas, but their design, functionality, and intended use are different.

To choose the best blower for a specific application, it is important to understand the differences between roots and ring blowers. Factors such as flow rate, pressure, and efficiency should be taken into account when selecting a blower.

Roots blower application occurs in numerous industries and industrial processes, including pneumatic conveying. Roots blowers play a vital role in many manufacturing and processing systems. Roots blowers are technically referred to as 'positive displacement rotary air blowers' and are commonly known as 'blowers.'

What does a roots blower do?

Roots blowers are used to generate constant airflows that are independent of discharge pressure conditions. Root blower applications are limited to low and medium pressure and vacuum processes, and can be used to provide small to large airflow rates.

How does a roots blower works?

Roots blowers consist of two identical and symmetrical rotors that have two or three meshing lobes inside an airtight case. The case is valve less and has inlet and outlet ports that are generally on opposite sides. The rotors counter-rotate and are synchronised using a set of gear wheels.

Air is displaced from the inlet to the outlet by the motion of the meshing lobes on the counter-rotating rotors. The rate of airflow from the displacement is governed primarily by the rotational speed of the rotors within the roots blower. There is no change to air volume within the roots blower, so no air compression takes place. Roots blowers are generally air-cooled, and some models operate without the need for oil as a lubricant (oil-free).

How a roots blower works

Read up on how to choose the right roots blowers or how to increase roots blower efficiency.

What industries have roots blower applications?

Roots blowers are essential in many bulk material handling and dust collection systems which involve:

• Pneumatic conveying
• Industrial vacuum cleaning
• Dust filtering

They have a wide range of industry applications including:

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• Agriculture
• Bricks
• Clothing
• Cement
• Chemical
• Environmental
• Food processing
• Glass and ceramics
• Marine
• Mining
• Packaging
• Paper
• Petroleum
• Pharmaceutical
• Plastics
• Power generation
• Textile
• Water treatment

Cement industry

Raw meal, cement, kiln dust, limestone and coal powder are pneumatic conveyed using roots blowers. They are used to blend raw meal, aerate raw meal and cement and blow air into kilns and burners for combustion. Many cement plants generate their own power using a coal-fired power station. Refer to the power generation section to see how roots blowers are applied in that industry.

Chemical and petroleum industry

Roots blowers are used to transport or compress many inert, corrosive and explosive gases in chemical plants and refineries. These include gases such as nitrogen, hydrogen and chlorine. Also various combinations of hydrocarbon gases. Roots blowers are used in regenerative drying systems to provide ultra-clean and dry air. Bulk dry raw materials, such as aluminium oxide, are pneumatically conveyed, using roots blowers, on gantry ship unloaders and barges. They are used in pressure and vacuum modes in fixed and portable systems.

Environmental industry

There are several sectors in the environmental industry where roots blower applications exist.

Wastewater treatment

Roots blowers are used to aerate raw sewage and industrial organic waste. The aeration drives the digestion of the waste by microorganisms. Roots blowers are also used for grit tank cleaning, filter flushing, backwashing and the recovery of gases. Oil-free roots blowers are used for deep cell aeration.

Biogas recovery and recirculation

Biogas is referred to as 'digester' or 'landfill' gas. It is made up of methane with small amounts of hydrogen sulphide and other trace gases. Biogas, which is explosive and corrosive, is generated in wastewater treatment plants. Roots blowers are used to transport biogas to where it is burned off or recirculated to fuel combustion engine-driven machines.

Soil remediation

Remediation of soil is done when cleaning up accidental spills from vehicles transporting petroleum products and industrial solvents, or leaks from fuel storage tanks. It involves the extraction of volatile organic compounds such as hydrocarbons and solvents. A combination of pressure and vacuum systems is used to evaporate these volatile organic compounds by moving large quantities of air through the contaminated soil. The contaminated air is then processed to remove the hydrocarbons and solvents, and allow safe and immediate exhaust into the atmosphere.

Drinking water purification

Oil-free roots blowers are used to provide air for ozone production and filter flushing in drinking water purification systems.

Food processing and pharmaceutical industries

Oil-free roots blowers are used to supply air to many food processing and pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Note that beverages and poultry are included in food processing. Vacuum and pressure pneumatic conveying is used to transfer powder and granular materials such as flour, salt, sugar, grain, spices, chocolate and milk powder for food processing. Dry bulk chemicals are similarly conveyed in the production of many pharmaceuticals. Roots blowers are used to supply vacuum equipment that operates packaging machines. It is common for food and pharmaceutical plants to have large wastewater treatment systems used to decontaminate processed water and treat organic waste. Refer to the environmental section to see how roots blowers are applied in that industry.

Marine industry

Roots blowers are used in marine diesel engine supercharging. They are also used to provide an air supply to bubbler systems on icebreakers and other Arctic duty vessels. They pump inert gas for fuel tank blanketing in tanker ships, and power emergency steering and braking systems on ships. Roots blowers are used to load and unload dry bulk material ships and barges with pneumatic conveying systems. Cruise ships and military craft with large numbers of passengers or crew operating on board have the aeration process within wastewater treatment systems powered by roots blowers. Marinas, locks and harbours use roots blowers to drive air bubbler systems to ensure equipment will operate at sub-zero temperatures.

Mining industry

Roots blowers are extensively used in the mining of most minerals, including copper, nickel, gold and diamonds. They are used to pneumatically convey dry bulk materials and provide air for oxidation processes and other refining applications. Roots blowers are used to filter and dry slurry and power high capacity vacuum pumps. Many mines have large wastewater treatment facilities to allow for the decontamination of processed water - a process requiring roots blowers for aeration.

Power generation industry

Roots blowers are used for material handling and pollution control processes throughout the power generation industry. They are used to pneumatic convey fly-ash and lime in both vacuum and pressure modes and are an important part of flue gas desulphurization (oxidation). Roots blowers are used to transfer various bulk dry materials to and from trucks, railway cars, storage silos and hoppers.

Roots blower application occur in many industries and industrial processes

Pressure roots blower application

There are many industrial pressure roots blower applications. These range from assisting in combustion by pumping air or gas into burners, furnaces and forges to pressurising paper mill head boxes. The following are some typical examples.

Combustion

Used in the following industries:

• Bricks
• Bakeries
• Chemical
• Glass and ceramics
• Food processing
• Metal refining

Applied to equipment such as:

• Asphalt, oil, and tar heaters
• On-road machinery
• Ovens and kilns
• Pipe and wrapping machines
• Smelters and foundries

Drying and dehydration

Used in the following process:

• Air and sandblasting
• Dust and cake blowing
• Dusting and spraying
• Grain conditioning in elevator storage
• Blending and mixing
• Sand filter regeneration
• Supercharging
• Washing and drying drums

Aerating and agitating liquids

Used in the following process:

• Asphalt refining
• Blending vinegars
• Chemical processes
• Electrotyping and engraving
• Flotation
• Fish ponds and lakes
• Food washing
• Ice manufacture
• Ice formation prevention
• Oyster washing
• Waste treatment

Pneumatic conveying

Used in transporting the following materials:

• Granules and extruded materials
• Flour, dusts and powders
• Liquids and pulp
• Wood and metal chips

Vacuum roots blower application

Roots blowers are frequently used as vacuum pumps in dust collecting and drying processes. Industrial vacuum roots blower applications are, however, widespread and include specific industrial processes such as:

• Bottle and tube filling machines
• Garment presses and mechanical mat formers
• Industrial and commercial vacuum cleaning
• Paper folding machinery
• Pump priming

Contact us for help on your roots blower application

Pneuvay Engineering has more than 30 years of industry experience in using roots blowers within pneumatic conveying, vacuum transfer and dust control systems in Australia and around the globe. Contact us online if you need assistance or have some questions regarding roots blowers within these systems.

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